Exodus 34 recounts God’s renewal of the covenant with Israel.

Verses 1-4: God commands Moses to cut two new tablets of stone like the first ones. God announces He will write the commandments on the tablets. Moses is instructed to present himself on Mount Sinai.

Application: We can see God’s willingness to give second chances, showing the importance of repentance and making amends.

Verses 5-7: The LORD descends in a cloud, proclaiming His name and attributes—gracious, compassionate, slow to anger, abounding in love and faithfulness, forgiving wickedness, rebellion, and sin, but holding the guilty accountable.

Application: These verses encourage believers to reflect on God’s nature and character, aiming to embody His attributes of grace, compassion, and forgiveness, while understanding the importance of accountability.

Verses 8-9: Moses bows and asks God to forgive their sins and take them as His inheritance.

Application: Moses’ response illustrates humility and reliance on God’s mercy, teaching the importance of acknowledging one’s faults and seeking forgiveness.

Verses 10-28: God makes a covenant with Israel, outlining specific commandments and instructions. Moses stays on the mountain for 40 days and nights.

Application: God’s commandments underscore the importance of obedience and faithfulness in a relationship with Him. They also highlight the significance of setting aside time for spiritual growth and reflection.

Verses 29-35: Moses’ face shines after speaking with God, causing others to fear him. He covers his face with a veil, removing it only to speak with God and convey His commands to the Israelites.

Application: The shining face of Moses can symbolize the transformation and enlightenment that come from a close relationship with God. This encourages believers to seek God’s presence and to let His light shine through them.

Overall, Exodus 34 teaches about God’s mercy, the importance of repentance, obedience to God’s commandments, and the transformative power of God’s presence.